Thay đổi thời gian và nơi chốn liên quan
Thời gian và địa điểm thường phải thay đổi khi chuyển từ tường thuật trực tiếp sang tường thuật gián tiếp.
| Cụm từ trong tường thuật trực tiếp | Tương đương trong tường thuật gián tiếp |
|---|---|
| today (hôm nay) | that day (ngày đó) |
| "I saw him today", she said. | She said that she had seen him that day. |
| yesterday (hôm qua) | the day before (ngày trước đó) |
| "I saw him yesterday", she said. | She said that she had seen him the day before. |
| The day before yesterday (hôm kia) | two days before ( hai ngày trước) |
| "I met her the day before yesterday", he said. | He said that he had met her two days before. |
| Tomorrow (ngày mai) | the next/following day (ngày kế tiếp/tiếp theo) |
| "I'll see you tomorrow", he said | He said that he would see me the next day. |
| The day after tomorrow (ngày mốt) | in two days time/ two days later ( trong hai ngày tới/sau) |
| "We'll come the day after tomorrow", they said. | They said that they would come in two days time/ two days later. |
| Next week/month/year (tuần/tháng/năm kế tiếp) | the following week/month/year (tuần/tháng/năm tiếp theo) |
| "I have an appointment next week", she said. | She said that she had an appointment the following week. |
| Last week/month/year (tuần/tháng/năm trước) | the previous/week/month/year (tuần/tháng/năm trước đây) |
| "I was on holiday last week", he told us. | He told us that he had been on holiday the previous week. |
| ago (trước) | before (trước) |
| "I saw her a week ago," he said. | He said he had seen her a week before. |
| this (for time) (lần này) | that ( lần đó) |
| "I'm getting a new car this week", she said. | She said she was getting a new car that week. |
| this/that (adjectives) (này/đó tính từ) | the(cái) |
| "Do you like this shirt?" he asked | He asked if I liked the shirt. |
| here (ở đây) | there (ở đó) |
| He said, "I live here". | He told me he lived there. |
Nói chung, đại từ nhân xưng thay đổi thành ngôi thứ ba số ít hoặc số nhiều, ngoại trừ khi người nói báo cáo bằng từ của riêng mình:
I/me/my/mine, you/your/yours = him/his/her/hers
we/us/our/ours, you/your/yours = they/their/theirs
He said: "I like your new car." = He told her that he liked her new car.
I said: "I'm going to my friend's house." = I said that I was going to my friend's house.